What are the classifications of batteries for new energy vehicles?
Release time:
Jul 14,2023
1 lead-acid battery
As a relatively mature technology, lead-acid batteries are still the only electric vehicle batteries available for mass production due to their low cost and ability to discharge at high rates. However, the specific energy, specific power, and energy density of lead-acid batteries are very low, making it impossible for electric vehicles powered by them to have good speed and range.
2 Nickel–cadmium battery and Nickel–metal hydride battery
Although its performance is better than that of lead-acid batteries, it contains heavy metals and can cause environmental pollution when discarded. Nickel hydrogen power batteries have just entered a mature stage and are currently the only battery system used in hybrid vehicles that has been practically validated, commercialized, and scaled up. Currently, 99% of the market share of hybrid batteries is nickel hydrogen power batteries.
3 Lithium batteries
The traditional lead-acid batteries, Nickel–cadmium battery and Nickel–metal hydride battery are relatively mature in their own technologies, but there are major problems when they are used as power batteries in automobiles. Currently, more and more car manufacturers are choosing to use lithium batteries as the power batteries for new energy vehicles.
Because the lithium-ion power battery has the following advantages: high working voltage (3 times of the Nickel–cadmium battery hydrogen nickel battery); High specific energy (up to 165WH/kg, three times that of nickel hydrogen batteries); Small volume; Lightweight; Long cycle life; Low self discharge rate; No memory effect; No pollution, etc.
4 Lithium iron phosphate battery
Lithium iron phosphate battery is also a kind of lithium battery. Its specific energy is less than half of that of lithium cobalt oxide battery, but its safety is high, the cycle times can reach 2000, the discharge is stable, the price is cheap, and it has become a new choice for vehicle power.
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